Uncontrolled global warming, as a result of industrial CO2 release to the atmosphere, is just one of a wide range of global scale degenerative effects of human activity. Ocean acidification and toxification, fresh water and coastal eutrophication and over-fishing are close behind in their potentially devastating effects on aquatic ecosystems and therefore the viability of the human endeavor. In its third edition, this praised book demonstrates how the living systems modeling of aquatic ecosystems for ecological, biological and physiological research, and ecosystem restoration can produce answers to very complex ecological questions. This book further offers an understanding developed in 25 years of living ecosystem modeling and discusses how this knowledge has produced methods of efficiently solving many environmental problems. Public education through this methodology is the additional key to the broader ecosystem understanding necessary to allow human society to pass through the next evolutionary bottleneck of our species. Living systems modeling as a wide spectrum educational tool can provide a primary vehicle for that essential step. This third edition covers the many technological and biological developments in the eight plus years since the second edition, providing updated technological advice and describing many new example aquarium environments. It includes 16 page color insert with 57 color plates and 25 per cent new photographs. It offers 300 figures and 75 tables, and a new chapter on Biogeography.