Evolutionary Genomics and Proteomics is the first major review of developments in the rapidly advancing areas of genomics and proteomics, with particular emphasis on placing these fields in an evolutionary context. With a growing understanding of genes, their diversity and regulation, and how their products work together in networks of interacting elements, a new era of biology is emerging. The genome is coming to be seen not just as a collection of genes, but as a complex set of instructions for making a phenotype, written in digital form. The challenge for evolutionary biologists is to use this information to understand how phenotypic novelty, complexity, robustness, and evolvability emerge as well as how these forces sculpt the genome and to link genomic and phenotypic diversity within populations. Evolutionary Genomics and Proteomics highlights new research in all these areas with thirteen chapters from leading scientists on topics including systems biology, the origin of genes and lateral gene transfer, gene regulation and gene dispensability, proteome complexity, genomic immune systems, sex-biased genomic expression, sex chromosome evolution, gene and protein network evolution, adaptive genome evolution, and human evolutionary genomics. The chapters are richly illustrated and written for students and researchers in the life sciences.